Cavities and Dental Decay

Dental cavities, also known as tooth decay, develop when bacteria in the mouth produce acids that erode enamel. This process is caused by plaque buildup, frequent sugar consumption, and poor oral hygiene. Without proper care, cavities can lead to tooth sensitivity, pain, and infection.

At Generations Cosmetic and Family Dentistry, we focus on early detection and prevention to help patients avoid complications caused by decay. Understanding the causes of cavities and practicing proper oral hygiene can significantly reduce the risk of tooth damage.

Causes of Cavities and Dental Decay

Cavities are influenced by a combination of factors, including oral bacteria, dietary habits, and inadequate oral hygiene.

Plaque, a sticky biofilm of bacteria, forms on teeth and produces acids when exposed to sugars. These acids gradually weaken tooth enamel, leading to cavity formation. A diet high in sugary or acidic foods, along with poor brushing and flossing habits, increases the risk of decay.

Saliva plays a crucial role in neutralizing acids and protecting enamel, but reduced saliva production due to medications or medical conditions can make teeth more vulnerable. Regular dental check-ups help identify cavities early and prevent further damage.

Types and Symptoms of Cavities

Cavities can form in different areas of the tooth, often progressing without noticeable symptoms in the early stages. Common signs of dental decay include tooth sensitivity, visible discoloration, persistent pain, or bad breath.

Types of cavities include:

• Smooth Surface Cavities – Develop on flat surfaces of teeth due to plaque accumulation.
• Pit and Fissure Cavities – Form in the grooves of molars and premolars where food particles get trapped.
• Root Cavities – Affect the tooth root, often occurring in patients with gum recession.
• Recurrent Cavities – Occur around existing fillings or restorations due to plaque buildup.

Early detection through routine exams and cleanings helps prevent cavities from worsening.

Treatments and Prevention

Treating cavities depends on their severity. Our team will recommend the best solution to restore tooth strength and function.

• Dental Fillings – Remove decay and restore the tooth with a composite or porcelain filling.
• Crowns – Protect and reinforce teeth with extensive decay or damage.
• Root Canal Therapy – Treat deep decay that has reached the tooth pulp to prevent infection.
• Tooth Extraction – In cases of severe decay, removal may be necessary to protect oral health.

Preventing cavities starts with good oral hygiene and regular dental visits. Brushing twice daily, flossing, and limiting sugary foods can help protect teeth from decay. Routine check-ups ensure early detection and effective treatment, preserving a healthy and confident smile.